The Global IT Industry

Table of Contents Introduction IT Services Industry Trends Pressure in outsourcing Growth potential Emerging areas of growth Conclusion Works Cited The global IT industry continues to show growth year after year, with the software market expanding at a whopping 8% per annum. The convergence of hardware, software and services is creating new markets, and we are witnessing a global paradigm shift from hardware to software.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Global IT Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is anticipated that the IT services industry will expand along with the IT industry. In 2012, the IT services market will likely see a slowdown in demand from traditional IT services such as consulting and system integration, while cloud computing and convergence services should create new demand. Meanwhile, in the outsourcing market, cost reduction and operating efficiency are likely to be emphasized, while demand for business process and application outsourcing should increase (Roy 3). Introduction IT services companies are faced with global economic challenges with growth projections tempered by reticent stances in large developed markets such as North America and Western Europe, while focusing on fast growing economies such as China, India and Latin America. Gartner forecasted a 7.4% growth in overall IT Services spending from $793 million in 2010 to $851.6 billion in 2011. It also predicted increased software support over a multi-year period, between 2010 and 2015, with a compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.2%, followed by consulting at 5.8%, process management at 5.1%, development and integration at 4.9% and IT management at 4.8%. Over this same timeframe, hardware maintenance and support is expected to grow the slowest with a forecasted CAGR of 3.3% (KPMG, Quarterly Update for the IT Services Industry 1). IT Services Industry Trends Gartner indicated that there is inc reasing usage of specialized cloud based services, provided by a variety of cloud providers, which will increase the ability to aggregate, integrate, govern and customize disparate cloud offerings based on the needs and preferences of their customers. In addition to this, Gartner indicated that the need for governments in developed countries to achieve cost savings owing to budgetary constraints increase has resulted in pushing IT service providers to offshore low cost locations. The quarterly TPI Index displays trends on BPO and IT outsourcing and contract spending by regions and industries. The IT Outsourcing Total Contracting Value (TCV) for the third quarter of 2011 was estimated at $11.3 billion, representing quarter-over-quarter and year-over-year declines of 8.0% each (KPMG, Quarterly Update for the IT Services Industry 2). Pressure in outsourcing Strong pricing pressure is being exerted by buyers on outsourcing and other third-party service providers, though leading provider s are typically able to hold their own and avoid unprofitable deals. Some of the leading global business and IT service providers include: Accenture, Capgemini, Cognizant, CSC and Infosys (KPMG, KPMG Sourcing Advisory 4Q11 Global Pulse Survey 3).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Most of the service providers (61%) indicated that the growth levels in their pipelines for service deals cited a 15% drop in growth over the past quarter of 2011, with only 45% of the providers projecting an increase in the pace of customer demand for business and IT services over the next one to two, which is a drop of 14 percent from last quarter and 29% from 2Q11. Chart 1: service providers: new deal pipeline projections (KPMG) Growth potential BPO has been affected by evolving trends, which include: consolidation of vendors (CRM), slippage in deal size (FA), and shift to alternative services lik e BPU; resulting in lower transaction deal size. As for the ITO, the forecast has been lowered to 2.9% growth in CY12 (earlier 4.1%); however, there are growing evidences of vendor churns on accounts of better ROI, innovation and compelling pricing through off shoring. Gartner projects 16-21% revenue growth in USD terms for Indian IT companies largely driven by volume traction (Roy). The growth of individual companies in off shoring is dependent on a few factors including: the company’s size and market position, which is an important barometer since large IT services providers with leading market positions have an advantage over their competitors in terms of experience, talent pool, project knowhow, funding capabilities and client preferences; stability of the business structure, which requires a captive customer base, therefore, preference is given to IT services firms operating under a group umbrella over stand-alone firms as they enjoy stable sources of revenues; consisten t acquisition of overseas orders; and how well the company is prepared for newly emerging technologies (e.g. IT convergence and cloud computing) (Jeong 3). Emerging areas of growth Global spending on IT services has remained stable in the first half of 2011, whereas global outsourcing is growing faster. According to International Data Corporation (IDC), the spend on IT Services is expected to grow by 4% in 2011, higher than the 2% growth rate witnessed in 2010, while global outsourcing or outsourcing to low†cost destinations such as India, China and Philippines grew by 12% (Avendus 14). Information Systems (IS) outsourcing registered the highest growth rate of 12.3% in 2010, despite the overall spend growing by just 1%, indicating the growing demand for these services (Avendus 15). This growth momentum is expected to continue in FY12 led by higher technology spend globally.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Global IT Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Large Indian IT vendors like Infosys, TCS, Wipro and HCL Tech will benefit the most from this improved demand environment as compared to the smaller IT vendors. However, issues on the supply side like salary hikes and higher attrition will have a negative impact on their profitability in FY12. Conclusion US geography has outperformed lead growth for Indian IT vendors. Improved economic environment in US and better GDP growth will boost IT spending and lead to an improvement in sentiments. Europe has lagged behind in terms of growth but is expected to do well in FY12 as companies become more open towards offshore outsourcing (Taurani 4). Works Cited Avendus. â€Å"IT Services.† India Equity Research Technology (2012): 1-27. Print. Jeong, Dae-ro. IT Services. London: Daewoo Securities, 2012. Print. KPMG. â€Å"KPMG Sourcing Advisory 4Q11 Global Pulse Survey.† Equaterra (2012): 2-33. Print. KPMG. Quarterly Update fo r the IT Services Industry. USA: KPMG, 2011. Print. Roy, Arup. Indian IT Services. Mumbai: Reuters, Thomson Publishers and Bloomberg, 2011. Print.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Taurani, Karan. â€Å"Persistent Growth Momentum.† KSL – IT Sector Update (2011). Print. This essay on The Global IT Industry was written and submitted by user Jaylee Francis to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

buy custom Marijuana Legalization essay

buy custom Marijuana Legalization essay In many developed countries marijuana is illegal to trade, transfer, cultivate, or possess. In as much as no nation has been able to fully legalize marijuana, over 10 countries allow its cultivation or use in controlled quantities. The use of marijuana for medicinal purposes is tolerated in an increasing number of countries such as Netherlands, Canada, Belgium, Australia, and some states in America. Many nations have endorsed laws impacting the legality of marijuana, since the beginning of the 20th century. These laws have mainly concentrated on the transfer, possession, use, and cultivation of marijuana for recreational purposes. Most authorities have reduced the penalties for ownership of limited quantities of marijuana, so that marijuana related offenses are punishable by a fine and confiscation, as opposed to imprisonment. The punishments now concentrate on individuals who sell or traffic marijuana on the black market. Many drug courts and authorities have established treatment p rograms for frequent or young users, with their goal being to achieve freedom from drug use. The number of countries that allow marijuana use for medicinal purposes are few, in addition there are more restrictive changes being implemented in countries such as UK and Canada. Nevertheless, in some countries such as East Asia, being in possession of marijuana may result in long term jail sentences, and the sale of marijuana might even lead to life imprisonment or death penalty. This research paper addresses the history of the issue of marijuana legalization, arguments for its legalization, and arguments against its legalization. In the 19th century, medical practitioners use to sell the drug as tincture using the name cannabis. Cannabis was used by Queen Victoria to treat her menstrual pains, Sir John Reynolds, her personal physician, prescribed this drug for her and even went further to write about the advantages of marijuana in a medical journal. In an 1894, the government of India and the United Kingdom commissioned a report on the use of Indian hemp. The report was helpful in making the decision of whether to decriminalize the use of marijuana in both countries. By 1906, numerous states in the US began establishing regulations with regards to the sale of marijuana. In 1925, the exportation of Indian hemp was banned by the international opium convention to nations that had banned its use. The countries that imported marijuana were required to provide certificates which were essential in approving that the drug was only to be used for scientific or medicinal purposes. In 1937, the administration of F.D. Roosevelt came up with the first national law that made the possession of Marijuana illegal through an un-payable tax under the Marihuana tax act. The term marijuana is linked exclusively to the psychoactive use of the plant; it was popularized in English by the drug prohibitionists in America in the 1930s. These prohibitionists used the Mexican term marijuana so as to turn the public against the opinion that it should be legalized. The individuals who were against marijuana were oblivious of the fact that the drug was similar to cannabis indica, which was regarded as pharmaceutically safe. Nevertheless, some people support the legalization of marijuana by arguing that legalization will decrease crime, illegal trade, and will increase the revenue of government from taxes. For instance, marijuana is available in Canada as a palliative drug provided a patient has a medical prescription. In the United States, a mere 16% supported the legalization of t he drug in 1969. By 2005, the figure rose up by 20% to 36%, currently it is approximated that the figure is between 46% and 56%. Buy custom Marijuana Legalization essay

Five Facts About Oktoberfest

Five Facts About Oktoberfest As September inevitably segues from summer to autumn, Germany’s daylight hours shorten appreciably. This change of seasons is worldwide, but, in Munich (Mà ¼nchen), in southern Germany, the locals and the tourists brace for a festive event of an altogether different sort. Munich, a modern city in all senses of the word, is the capital of Bavaria (Bayern). It lies on the edge of the Alps; it’s Bavaria’s largest city and Germany’s third largest. The Isar River, which originates near Innsbruck, Austria, flows through Munich on its way to join the Danube (Donau) near Regensberg. At this time of year, some say the flow of the Isar is more than matched by the flow of ​beer. For two weeks this year, from 19 September through 04 October, Munich’s huge assortment of international companies, world-renowned brands, high-technology resources, and exquisitely graceful fairy-tale-like architecture compose the backdrop for the annual German clichà ©, the 182nd Oktoberfest. For those living in Munich, it will be two thrilling weeks of lederhosen, beer, and tipsy tourists. If raucous revelry on a city-wide scale is not to your liking, you’d be well advised to leave downtown Munich until the festivities end. If you live near the Festwiese, the epicenter of the partying, you better close your windows tightly and get used to the smell of spilled beer mixed with puke. There are not only nice things to tell about the Wiesn, but also endearing ones. Here are five important, lesser-known facts about Oktoberfest which might surprise you. 1. The First Day of Oktoberfest Oktoberfest embraces numerous traditions, most of them commemorated at the very beginning of this annual celebration. The first day of the so-called â€Å"Wiesn† is the most traditional one and it follows a strict timetable. In the morning, the â€Å"Festzug† (parade) takes place. The â€Å"Wiesnwirte,† the landlords of the fest-tents, are the main participants. They are soon joined by waitresses, brewers, and old-fashioned Bavarian shooting associations. The two parades head toward the â€Å"Theresienwiese† where the actual Oktoberfest takes place. Horses pull big wagons with wooden kegs of beer, gunners fire salutes, and the Mà ¼nchner Kindl, the personified coat of arms of the city of Munich showing a child in a hood, leads the parade. At the same time, thousands of people, sitting in the 14 huge tents, await Oktoberfest’s official opening. The atmosphere will be convivial, but dry: They won’t get a sip of the good Bavarian brew before . . . 2. Ozapft Is! . . . the mayor of Munich starts Oktoberfest at high noon by tapping the first keg. This tradition began in 1950, when mayor Thomas Wimmer initiated the ceremonial tapping of the keg. It took Wimmer 19 hits to fix the big tap properly into the huge wooden keg- traditionally called a â€Å"Hirsch† (deer). All wooden kegs come with the names of different animals. The deer has a capacity of 200 liters which is the weight of a deer. The mayor will tap the keg at exactly high noon on the first Saturday of Oktoberfest and call the famous and eagerly anticipated phrase: â€Å"O’zapft is! Auf eine friedliche Wiesn!† (It is tapped!- for a peaceful Wiesn). It’s the signal for the waitresses to serve the first mugs. This tapping ceremony is broadcast live on television and the number of strokes the mayor will need to tap the keg are wildly speculated on before the event. By the way, the best performance was delivered by Christian Ude, mayor between 1993-2014, with on ly two hits (opening the 2013 Oktoberfest). Traditional Bavarian gunners will immediately fire two shots out of a â€Å"Bà ¶llerkanone† just below the memorial of the Bavaria, an 18ÃŽ ©-meter tall statue which is the female personification of the Bavarian homeland and, by extension, its strength and glory. The first Maß, i.e., the first beer of the Oktoberfest, is traditionally reserved for the Bavarian prime-minister. â€Å"Wiesn† is local Bavarian dialect for both Oktoberfest itself and for â€Å"Theresienwiese,† i.e., the meadow where it all began decades ago.   3. The Ma The typical Oktoberfest mug contains one liter of â€Å"Festbier,† which is a special brew made for the Oktoberfest by a few select breweries. The mugs can be filled very quickly (an experienced waiter can fill one in 1.5 seconds) and, from time to time, a mug could end up with less than a liter of beer. Such a tragedy is deemed a â€Å"Schankbetrug† (pouring-fraud). There is even an association, the â€Å"Verein gegen betrà ¼gerisches Einschenken e.V.† (association against fraudulent pouring), which makes spot checks to guarantee that everybody will get the right amount of beer. To make fraud even more difficult, the â€Å"Maßkrà ¼ge† are made of glass. If you want to drink your beer out of a traditional â€Å"Stein† (stone mug), you can visit the â€Å"Oide Wiesn† (old Wiesn), a special Oktoberfest area where you can experience Oktoberfest as it was practiced in days of yore, with old-fashioned â€Å"Blasmusik† (brass-band music ) and original attractions from 1900 through the 1980s. Taking your Maß home isn’t a good idea because it is seen as theft and might lead to getting acquainted with the Bavarian police. But, of course, you can buy one as a souvenir. Sadly, the delightful beer, with its slightly higher alcohol content, combined with a heavy mug in one’s hand, frequently leads to harsh â€Å"Bierzeltschlgereien† (beer-tent brawling), fights that can end very seriously. To avoid that and other criminal acts,  the police patrol the Festwiese. 4. The Police Every officer on duty volunteers his/her time for Oktoberfest. For most of them, it’s both an honor and a significant challenge. The high amounts of alcohol consumed on the Wiesn lead to numerous fights and beatings. Besides that, the dark sides of Oktoberfest include theft and rape. Three hundred police officers are therefore on duty in the local police-station which is located in an underground building beneath the Theresienwiese. Additionally, over 300 more officers make sure that this mass event remains safe. If you plan to visit this episode of Bavarian madness, you should be aware of the dangers caused by thousands of drunk people all over the place. Especially as a tourist or non-Bavarian, you should also be aware of the beer. 5. The Beer It is not harmless, but it is, or can be, delightfully mischievous. Oktoberfestbier is not an ordinary beer, especially for those who come from the USA or Australia. German beer itself is rather strong in taste and alcohol, but Oktoberfestbier is even stronger. It must contain between 5.8% to 6.4% alcohol and be brewed in one of the six Munich-based breweries. Besides that, the beer is very â€Å"sà ¼ffig† (tasty), which means that you will empty your mug much quicker than you might have intended- one does not sip â€Å"Festbier† daintily. That’s why so many tourists, unfamiliar with German beer, can be found on the â€Å"Besoffenenhà ¼gel† (hill of the drunks) after three or four Maß- a little hill where all the wasted people sleep off their Wiesn experience. If you don’t want to end up there, just enjoy the fest as the locals do: have a â€Å"Brezn† (a typical Munich pretzel), drink slowly, and enjoy the annual Bavarian madhouse.

Market Segmentation of Orbitz Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Market Segmentation of Orbitz - Essay Example In relation to the study, the company which has been selected is Orbitz, one of the leading travel companies which were formed by an alliance between major airline companies; American, Continental and Delta Airline, Northwest, United Airline and Continental Airline companies in the year 1999. It is a leading travel company enabling customers and passengers to plan and book a broad range of travel products. This essay discusses that the parent company Orbitz worldwide own a series of brands like Orbitz, Cheap Tickets, ebookers, HotelClub and Rates to go, The Away Network and Orbitz for Business. The website was launched in the year 2001 and in the year 2004, the company was acquired by Cendant Co Ltd. The company is headquartered in Chicago and the company is listed on New York Stock Exchange. The paper tells that the IPO of the company occurred in the year 2007 and the investor of the company Travelport is one of the world’s largest networks in the world. Orbit offers travel s ervices like vacation packages, cruise and car rentals and other travel services. This paper illustrates that in the year 2012 the company was labeled as one of the best travel companies to work for by Forbes. Orbitz is one of the few travel companies which offers passengers and customers to reserve and book tickets through various technological modes. The company offers holiday packages and tickets at a relatively low price compared to the other travel companies.... Market segmentation requires several technological and modelling techniques for accurate analysis and performance. Some of the important methods of market segmentation techniques are Automatic Interaction Detector (AID) and Multidimensional Scaling Techniques (MSD) and conjoint analysis. We will now conduct a market segmentation of Orbitzs Travel Company to understand the target customer base and the techniques used for conducting market segmentation. Geographic Segmentation Marketers conduct segmentation as per the geographic criteria like nations, states, cities, regions, countries etc. The company presently offers more than 1.5 million flight options to customers since, Orbitz is a travel company it has not confined to its services to a particular geographical location and the services are available worldwide. Orbitzs travel packages, online reservation of tickets, online hotel booking, and car rental at a lower price comparatively than the other travel companies. The company offe rs the travels services and facilities at a lower price to target countries with high and low purchasing power. Demographic Segmentation The demographic segmentation is the most common and prevalent form of market segmentation. Demographic segmentation would be done based on the gender, age, income, occupation, household size and education. In this case the travels services are offered for individuals, corporate customers, school children, family and married couples. Age: Based of age profile the target customers of Orbitz would be individuals of all ages including infants and toddlers. Income: Although, the travel services are offered at an affordable prices (Orbitz, 2013d) some of the services like the hotel

What Does it Mean to Be Human in a Technological Age Essay

What Does it Mean to Be Human in a Technological Age - Essay Example They have become vital to understand the mysteries of nature also but they have also introduced new factors and issues which are detrimental to the survival of future generations. It would not be wrong to suggest that the impact of technology on human society has to a great extent, tried to subvert the values and contextual reality of being an empowered human being. As McKibben says, with science and new technology, we have traded in old contexts that informed human lives, bargaining them in return for freedom, for liberation (15). One of the greatest philosopher and economist of the ninetieth century, Karl Marx stated that, â€Å"The production of too many useful things results in too many useless people.† This famous quote was based on one of his economic discussions where he argued that the pursuit of convenience through technology would only result in a high volume of useless people. In other words, the advancement of technology would result in higher rates of unemployment . According to Bill McKibben, an American environmentalist, technology and science have negatively affected other areas of human civilization such as the loss of traditional jobs such as farmers to more technologically oriented jobs which have led to the growth of capitalism, and the proper treatment of every part of the environment to devastation of the environment for the sake of natural resources, and advancement of modern human societies (15). McKibben’s concern is primarily intended as warning for scientists and rationalists as not to become God. The far reaching repercussions of genetic engineering when applied to human beings can be dangerous in its content and detrimental for the safe existence of our future generation. The importance of science and technology in our lives cannot be denied. But the time has come to reflect seriously as to what has been gained at what cost? It is easy to contribute the develop of society on the advancements made in the area of science and technology. But one forgets that it has also impacted adversely on the environment and has also been responsible for increasing unemployment across the globe. People have lost jobs to the machines which are invented to work longer hours and with more precision, thus making workers redundant. In short, technology has also brewed more discontent in the society where previously order reigned and legacy of work was carried forward by the next generations! Genetic engineering has been seen as panacea for creating perfect human being by the scientist fraternity. By altering human genes, babies can be created as per the requirements of the parents. Beautiful babies with perfect features and high IQ that can be eternal source of pride for the parents has now become a gross reality. The experiments on animals have made scientists confident of replicating desired genes in the embryo to create designer babies. McKibben fears that this could threaten the very rules of existence of human race t hat thrives on learning through experience and by using its intelligence to make empowered decisions. The new creed of human beings could well be programmed creatures who could also start questioning their intelligence because of the programmed intelligence! The unlimited possibilities of

Monsters We Have Created Essay Example for Free

Monsters We Have Created Essay Fetal tissue implantation/therapy has many uses such as placing fetal brain tissue into a person with Parkinson’s disease, and the fetal tissue will supply chemicals lacking in the diseased brain. These two things are related by abortion. In order to receive fetal tissue a woman must have an abortion or a miscarriage, and if a baby doesn’t have the desired characteristics and traits when prenatal testing is done the parents can choose to have an abortion. Prenatal testing does have its pros and is not completely bad. Prenatal testing can be used to detect diseases or syndromes in your unborn child, can detect stillbirth, they enable medical or surgical treatment before or after birth, and it can determine the sex of your baby which is the most anticipated event while pregnant with the exception of the actual delivery of the baby. There are invasive and non-invasive methods of prenatal testing. Invasive methods include intruding into the mother’s body, or even probing inside the embryo. Some non-invasive methods include various forms of sonography which is the use of acoustic discharge measurements, as well as the serological examination which includes sampling the blood of the mother. Non-invasive prenatal testing are said to have a very low chances of side-effects. In retrospect of non-invasive methods, invasive methods produce actual results while non-invasive give guesses or general diagnoses. Fetal tissue implantation/therapy has its benefits also. Fetal tissue implanting is said to treat diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s, and Huntington’s disease. Fetal tissue implantation/therapy has also been reported as partially curing paralysis. Fetal tissue contains high doses of dopamine, and can help produce dopamine in person who doesn’t have the ability to produce dopamine on their own, or they aren’t able to produce enough dopamine. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter. It is one of the chemicals that is responsible for transmitting signals in between the nerve cells and the brain. So for someone who doesn’t have that ability fetal tissue implantation could in a sense save their life. Prenatal testing has just as many cons as it has pros. Nothing can ever be 100% good. Incorrect diagnoses are the biggest con. Incorrect diagnoses can lead to a downward spiral of cons like abortions. The pressure to abort is the 2nd biggest con. The reason why is because if a child isn’t â€Å"perfect† some parents, even doctors feel as though it’s best to terminate the pregnancy and try again. The bad thing about that is you never know what you’re going to get. You could continue to have babies with disabilities, and in the end you have literally wasted several lives. When people abort babies because of a possible disability shows a lack of sympathy for the disabled which is in itself a con. Another con that coincides with disabled children is that there aren’t many support groups for parents with disabled children. There is also the pressure of life and death decisions. No parent wishes for a disabled child, and when faced with the fact that they could possibly have one they play the life or death card and are forced to choose which decision to make. There are cons of fetal implantation/therapy also. The major one is that you are â€Å"messing with human life†. Most people believe that when it comes to children or life in general you should take what you get because life is a very precious thing. Some believe that probing around in an embryo and playing something like a guess and check is immoral and shouldn’t be done. Religious people believe that when you use fetal implantation/therapy is in a sense â€Å"playing† with God. They too believe that God has given you what he desired to give you and you should take it and love your child regardless. Cloning humans also falls into a con of fetal testing/implantation/therapy. It is said that scientists are trying to create the â€Å"perfect† human, but there is no such thing, because what’s perfect to one person may not be the same perfect as someone else. So you can never completely achieve a â€Å"perfect† human being. In conclusion, both prenatal testing and fetal implantation/therapy have equally the number of pros and cons. Both have the ability to be beneficial but they can also become monsters if used beyond their means. Nothing can be 100% good or bad. Anything in this world that is created by man has the ability to be a monster. Everything also has the ability to be something good. Whether something is good or bad depends on how humans choose to use them. Works Cited Fetal Tissue Implant.   Infoplease.

Lets Put an End to Animal Research, Testing, and Experimentation Essay

We Must Put an End to Animal Research, Testing, and Experimentation Without animal research, cures for such diseases as typhoid, diphtheria, and polio might never have existed. Without animal research, the development of antibiotics and insulin would have been delayed. Without animal research, many human beings would now be dead. However, because of animal testing, 200,000 dogs, 50,000 cats, 60,000 primates, 1.5 million hamsters, and uncounted millions of rats and mice are experimented upon and die each year, as living fodder for the great human scientific machine. Some would say that animal research is an integral part of progress; unfortunately, this is often true. On the whole, animal testing is a necessary evil that should be reduced and eliminated whenever possible. Since the time of Aristotle, animals have been used to further human progress. When Galen pioneered the study of anatomy or when Harvey discovered the circulation of blood, they used animals as a vital portion of their work. Why? Because at the time there was no alternative short of testing on human beings, an option very few would morally accept then or even now. Throughout all of human history, the pattern has remained the same—human technological and scientific progress has always involved testing on animals. Without that testing, modern medicine would be a shadow of what it is today. Many modern procedures stem directly from testing with animals. In addition, doctors and surgeons receive much of their training with the living tissues of animals. Computer simulations and other methods simply cannot compete with experience on a living being. For example, the United States Army formerly shot goats to train physician responses to gunshot wounds (Cole ... ... Rights and Wrongs.† Taking Sides: Psychological Issues. Gilford: Dushkin Publishing Group, 2011. Lane, Stuart. â€Å"Banning Animal Testing May Be Hazardous to Your Health.† Priorities Spring 2013: 23. Loeb, Jerod M. â€Å"Human vs. Animal Rights: In Defense of Animal Research.† Taking Sides: Science, Technology, and Society. Gilford: Dushkin Publishing Group, 2011 Oà ­ Connor, Karen. Sharing the Kingdom. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart Lmt, 1984. Regan, Tom. â€Å"Ill-Gotten Gains.† Taking Sides: Bioethical Issues. Gilford: Dushkin Publishing Group, 2009. Rohr, Janelle. Animal Rights: Opposing Viewpoints. NP: Greenhaven Press, 2011. Weaner, Dave. Personal Interview. 22 March, 2014 Whistler, Ann. Personal Interview. 24 March, 2014 Zak, Steven. â€Å"Ethics and Animals.† Taking Sides: Science, Technology, and Society. Gilford: Dushkin Publishing Group, 2007

Evaluation of a Gas Constant (Experiment 3) Essay

Experiment 3: Evaluation of Gas Constant Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to demonstrate the ideal gas law under ordinary conditions. In this lab, the variables in the ideal gas law are known or can be found aside from the constant R. Thus, the R values can be found and relatively determine the relevancy of the ideal gas law to the lab conditions. The ideal gas law was tested using the reaction: Mg (s) + 2HCl2 (aq) H2 (g) Procedure: 1. Ribbons of magnesium (5) were cut to the approximate length of the instructor’s example and were weighed separately on scale #1. 2. HCl provided by the instructor was added to a eudiometer tube (8mL). The rest of the tube was filled with water. One of the magnesium tapes was wrapped around a piece of copper wire in the opening of the tube. 3. The eudiometer tube was then inverted over and into a 450 mL beaker with water. The initial volume was recorded. 4. While the reaction occurred, the temperature was taken at 1 minute intervals for 3 minutes. 5. After the reaction occurred, the height difference from the solution within the eudiometer tube and the top of the liquid volume in the beaker was recorded. The final volume was also recorded. Summary Table: Mean of R= .0737 Standard Deviation= .0298 Relative Standard Deviation= 40.46% Summary Table: Mean of R= .0737 Standard Deviation= .0298 Relative Standard Deviation= 40.46% Discussion: This lab was supposed to generate numbers close to the R constant by plugging in the values acquired in reaction Magnesium and Hydrochloric acid reaction. (The reaction results in H2 gas.) The mean acquired from our data set was .0737 L-ATM/mol-K as opposed to the actual constant .08206 L-ATM/mol-K. The constant we acquired was much lower in value, potentially due to the outlier in our data set: Trial Four. Trial Four resulted in the R value .0205 ATM-L/K-mol which skewed our relative mean, standard deviation and relative standard deviation. By removing the fourth trial from the data set, the new mean is .08705 L-ATM/mol-K, a closer but slightly higher R value. The standard deviation would be .00236 and the relative standard deviation would be 2.71%. These values have more precision than the 40.46% relative standard deviation and .0298 standard deviation acquired in the entire data set. I believe there must have been an error in the methodology to produce the outlier result in the fo urth trial. Too much liquid could have been spilled during the process or perhaps the magnesium did not fully react because it was so tightly bound around the copper. The error in this lab could range from those listed above and inaccurate measurements.

Edward Estlin Cummings Essay

Edward Estlin Cummings was born on October 14, 1894 in Cambridge, Massachusetts to academic parents who early on encouraged him to develop his creative gifts (Everett). His was a happy childhood; he grew up in a spacious, sunny house, his neighborhood was full of children who roamed the nearby woods and played baseball during summer or skated on a local pond in the winter (Berry, 8). When he grew up, he acknowledged the impact his parents had on him, stating that it had been â€Å"my joyous fate and supreme good fortune† to belong to such family (Berry, 8). According to Reef, Estlin once said â€Å"I did not decide to become a poet – I was always writing poetry (5)†. He did not originally start writing in the form for which he is best known today. When he was young, he wrote poetry and produced pencil drawings. His love of language was encouraged by his mother, who made up word games to encourage his creativity (Blanchard and Falcetti, 58). At the same time, his poetry is filled with descriptions and images of nature, natural elements, and natural processes (Parekh). He took his father’s pastoral background and used it to preach in many of his other poems (Eich). Estlin graduated from Harvard for his BA and MA studies. His travels took him to different places around the world. When war broke out between US and Germany in 1917, Estlin joined a Red Cross unit in France as an ambulance driver (Reef, 29). There, he and a friend were imprisoned on suspicion of espionage (www. poets. org). This experience resulted in his novel, The Enormous Room. He also traveled throughout Europe, where he met poets and artists including Pablo Picasso. He divided his life between Paris and Greenwich Village, and later between the Village and his New Hamsphire farm (Schmidt, 85). He became widely known as a whimsical and experimental poet (www. who2. com) whose radical use of â€Å"form, punctuation, spelling and syntax, abandoning traditional techniques and structures created a new, highly idiosyncratic means of poetic expression (www. poets. org)†. In addition, the landscape of New England with its animals, fields and forests influenced his poetry and infused it with images from the natural world (Shuman, 318). As Shuman succinctly point out: His poetry combines a child’s enthusiasm for the wonders of the natural world with a sophisticated adult’s wariness of official positions and conventional thinking (311). One such poem is the wonderful in just- . The poem quite simply is about the beginning of a new season: â€Å"in just-/ spring. † In this poem, Estlin â€Å"coins words, alters punctuations and invents his own typography. Thus, the poem itself represents creativity and how it spring from the earth (Phelan)†. The poem then continues on to paint a picture of Spring and embodies the themes of innocence and childhood. This poem in particular embodies his view, where Estlin himself explains: In so far as a human being is an artist, skies and mountains and oceans and thunderbolts and butterflies are immeasurable; and art is every mystery of nature (314-15). in Just- spring when the world is mud- luscious the little lame balloonman whistles far and wee and eddieandbill come running from marbles and piracies and it’s spring when the world is puddle-wonderful the queer old balloonman whistles far and wee and bettyandisbel come dancing from hop-scotch and jump-rope and it’s spring and the goat-footed balloonMan whistles far and wee e. e. cummings WORKS CITED Berry, S. L. â€Å"E. E. Cummings. † Indiana: The Creative Company, 1994. Blanchard, Mary Loving, and Cara Falcetti. â€Å"Poets for Young Adults. † New York: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2006. Cummings, E. E. â€Å"100 Selected Poems. † Atlanta: Grove Press, 1994. Cummings, E. E. â€Å"Commentary on Life and Art by E. E. Cummings. † New York: October House, 1965. â€Å"E. E. Cummings. † Academy of American Poets. 12 Dec 2008. â€Å"E. E. Cummings. † A Who2 Profile. 12 Dec 28. < http://who2. com/ask/eecummings. html> Eich, Marty. â€Å"E. E. Cummings Biography. † 12 Dec 2008. Everett, Nicholas. â€Å"E. E. Cumming’s Life. † March 2001. Modern American Poetry. Dec 2008. < http://www. english. uiuc. edu/maps/poets/a_f/cummings/cummings_life. htm> Parekh, Pushpa N. â€Å"Nature in the Poetry of E. E. Cummings. † Spring Volume 3 1994: 63-71. Phelan, Julie. â€Å"Poetry analysis: in Just- by E. E. Cummings. † 12 Dec 2008. Reef, Catherine. â€Å"E. E. Cummings: A Poet’s Life. † New York: Clarion Books, 2006. Schmidt, Michael. â€Å"The Great Modern Poets. † London: Quercus, 2006. Shuman, Robert Baird â€Å"Great American Writers. † New York: Marshall Cavendish, 2002.

Anaximander Essays

Anaximander Essays Anaximander Essay Anaximander Essay Anaximander, a Milesian philosopher, was the first great influencer of Greek thought. He traveled, and presented his discoveries from the outside world to Greece. He is sometimes credited with the discovery of the gnomon, a type of sundial telling hours of the day, equinoxes, and solstices; however, it was most likely a transplanted invention from the Babylonians. He is also said to have constructed a celestial globe mapping the heavens. Anaximander can be considered the first geographer and although his maps suffered massive criticism from later philosophers, he completed a map of the world based on his own travels to Sparta and the Black Sea, and upon conversations with merchants and travelers. Anaximander also created a model of the universe using a geometric structure and basing measurements on multiples of three. He conjectured that the heavenly bodies were seen when fire showed through vents in the heavens. By using this single supposition, he was able to explain phenomena such as eclipses by a single occurrence: the blockage of heavenly vents. He can be considered the first metaphysician because he rationalized and hypothesized about the Aperion as the Arche. Unlike Thales, Anaximander speculated that the Aperion differed from the elementals and reasoned instead that since it was the fundamental source of all things and surrounded the heavens and worlds, it could not be any one of those things or possess their characteristics. This is why the earth does not move in space, because the Aperion has an equal relation to the extremes and there is no reason for it to move. According to Anaximander, the Aperion must be spatially unlimited because it environs the universe. As an unlimited material, if the Aperion possessed a definite set of characteristics, it would obliterate everything with opposing characteristics. It must perpetually be in motion for change to occur in the world. It is ageless and eternal, because if there was a time when the Aperion was not, then it must have come from something other than itself, and as the inspiration for the creation of all things, this would be impossible. Anaximander explains the existence of the world not through traditional divinities and mythology, but rather by elements separating off from the Aperion. He found explanations for the world that were logical and uncomplicated. Anaximander taught that either of any two opposites can overwhelm the other, but share equal influence, although they are constantly in conflict. When one gains greater power, it will eventually pay the penalty to the other, keeping the world in balance. Heraclitus was the dark, riddling philosopher who expounded the theories of eternal change. Heraclitus was very critical of past philosophers and peers. The former he condemned for valuing learning over insight, while the latter he denounced for being unreceptive to unfamiliar concepts, not caring for truth, misusing their senses and intelligence, and erratically following tradition and authority. Heraclitus was the first philosopher to connect human values to philosophy. He transcended physical theories in order to discover principled appliances and metaphysical fundamentals. He went beyond the Milesian philosophers study of the material foundation of the world to the rhythm of nature affecting the Logos. However, he did not believe, as Anaximander did, that opposites were in a universal unrest, but rather that they existed in a law like flux and transformational uniformity. For example, the sea water, which is most polluted for humans, but most pure for the sea creatures; it gives both death and life in different respects. He viewed conflict as a necessity in life, but not as an impediment to living. He stated that it is the inevitable law of nature for things that are hot to become cold and that since they are already hot, they cannot become hot. The potential for both extremes always exists within the same object. Heraclitus associated Logos with fire, the dramatic, violent, hot element of gradual change. However he also believed that fire, water, and earth were constantly changing into one another. This idea of constant motion of the elements reflects Anaximanders. He uses the example of a river: if the river stops flowing and changing it fails to remain a river, and becomes a lake. Just so, if the Kosmos ever stopped changing it would lose its identity and fail to exist as we know it. The existence of Logos keeps the world in order. Thus, he presents his idea of the Logos not only as elemental, but also relating to justice, law, and God. He criticized people for looking at the world as made of individual parts instead of looking at all the separate parts as they relate to the whole which they all come from. By fully grasping what the whole is, we can see the way individual things interact within it. Heraclitus put much emphasis on logic and relying upon the senses. He said that most people live in a private dream world, and while they are physically all in the same reality, they are not conscious of it. He disvalues things taught in favor of things learned for oneself through experience. He particularly valued knowledge gained through sight, but he warned that when the soul is barbaric, the persons reception will be skewed. The highest virtue that Heraclitus extols is that of understanding. Although only divinities can have complete insight into nature, is a virtue humans must work toward. He uses the Logos as fire to argue morals. Souls are made of fire, and to die is to be extinguished or become wet. He warns against drinking to excess because it moistens the soul; much the same, when a person is sick, it indicates that their soul is moist. Greeks believed it valiant to die in battle, with a fiery soul. Thus it was shameful to die of disease because the soul would remain impure. Heraclitus stated that the Logos was a wholesome cosmic fire and the fieriest soul was the wise soul. He warned that it was the individuals character and actions that determined his or her fate, rather than gods from any mystery religion. Parmenides was the first philosopher to combine the analytical logic with philosophy. He branched off from the theories of Anaximander, Heraclitus, and Pythagoras. Like Heraclitus, he emphasized the importance of learning the truth about existence and nature, except he believed the way to reach that understanding was through reason separate from the senses, because humans tend to deem whatever seems to be as unconditional reality. This principle led to forms of rationalism and influenced Platos writing. Expounding upon Pythagorean thought, Parmenides found explanations for the universe that were mathematical and logical. He also uses verse to present his philosophy, reiterating Greek tradition and thought. He plays up the images of chariots and wise steeds, referencing Achilles in Homers Iliad, he alludes to Hesiods work when describing Chaos, and although he doesnt use the term god, Parmenides employs Anaximanders Justice and opposition in his tale. In the poem, Parmenides presents three possibilities for reality and the state of the universe. The first way is to believe that everything is, the second is to believe that nothing is, and the third is to believe that everything is and is not. The way of Objective Truth is both unswerving and coherent, the Unthinkable Way is consistent but incoherent, and the way of Subjective Belief is incomprehensible and incoherent. (The first and second ways are both enlightened, but should not carry the same merit. ) Humans often fail to see the first way as feasible because they rely upon their senses. Parmenides argued that if something can be conceived, that on some level of existence it exists because it has properties that can be described. This is why the second way is incorrect. By talking about nothing, it is described with certain attributes and, itself, becomes something. There are benefits to the way of Subjective Belief, in looking at the universe and truth objectively. The fallacy comes when people on this path try to understand themselves or their immediate surroundings. The Kosmos does exist independently, but not to the omission of all other potential Kosmoi. The objective truth is that conceivably all Kosmoi are similarly existent, therefore Parmenides concludes that the Plenum is continuous, undivided, imperishable, timeless, motionless, and unchanging, which is utterly divergent from Heraclitus view of an ever-changing Aperion. Parmenides view of the world can be compared to a block of marble. It is possible to create anything out of that block until it is changed and one chunk is carved off. The possibility to create any number of designs is immediately eliminated. Therefore, since it is possible for every imaginable universe to exist, the Plenum can never change. It is also contingent on properties of time rather than space. Parmenides Plenum was made up from two opposites: fire which gives light and translucent, and night which is dark and dense. Much as Anaximander described it, Parmenides world was made from these two elements separating off in a type of vortex, and combining with each other; however they can never become one another. In Platos Meno, Socrates shows his idea of virtue and knowledge by questioning Meno, a high-class, educated man, and an uneducated slave. He begins speaking as if he knows nothing about virtue, and asks Meno to explain it to him. However, he quickly tears apart Menos confidence. He tries to discover what virtue is, because until one knows what something is, one cannot know its qualities, and it cannot be taught. Socrates eventually brings Meno to the conclusion that virtue is knowledge or temperance. Then Socrates defines teaching as remembering knowledge from previous lives. He questions a slave-boy in geometry much in the same style that he questioned Meno, first utterly bewildering him before leading him to the answer. The slave would have had no education, but was able to discover the truth by answering questions, and thus must have been remembering that particular truth. They determine that virtue is knowledge, and knowledge can be taught. Thus, divulging knowledge to a person is the same as divulging virtue. By teaching that virtue is beneficial, and supposing that a person would not choose to do something detrimental to them, then knowing that something is a virtue they will choose it, and since they are choosing virtue, they must be virtuous. Consequently, to teach virtue is simply to teach that virtue is knowledge. Therefore, Socrates teaches Meno virtue in the dialogue. However he contradicts this by saying that the slave discovered some true opinion, not knowledge, and Socrates did not teach him because he was not paid as teachers must be. Therefore virtue cannot be knowledge because virtue cannot be taught. He offers four ways in which humans may acquire virtue: teaching, practice, nature, or some alternative way. An alternative to virtue being knowledge is that it is true opinion, which cannot be taught. If it is not taught then it must be a divine gift.

Help Assignment

Help Assignment Help Assignment Help Assignment: Get It On Time If you need some help with any assignment, you have received at your college, do not drag things out, and appeal to our assignment writing service in order you to be able to cope with your assignment according to your deadline and not to face any troubles because of missing it. You see many students make one and the same mistake. When they receive an assignment, which it is rather difficult for them to deal with, they try to do it on their own first, after failing to manage the assignment, they waste their time for nothing, and when the deadline is here, they start the panic and do not know what to do. However, everything is much simpler. If you see that you can not cope with this or that assignment there is no any use in staring at this very assignment for several days. If you have failed to complete your assignment for the first time, you will never be able to do it. This fact is checked by the years of experience. That is why, do not wait until your deadline is here, make use of our custom writing service, and make your assignment to be ready with our help assignment in time: Professional Help With Assignments Our professional assignment writers are able to offer you any help assignment as we have specialists in all the possible spheres and disciplines you may receive assignments in. Just contact one of our representatives and find your own tutor who will gladly give you proper help assignment in any discipline you need. It does not matter which kind of help assignment you need. If you just have questions concerning this or that assignment or if you want the professional writer to complete your assignment for you, you are welcome to receive your help assignment in both of the cases. Our assignment writing company gives you one hundred per cent of guarantee of confidentiality that is why you may use our help assignment without any fear that someone will get to know that you have used our assignment writing service to complete your task instead of writing it on your own. Assignment Help Guarantee We also guarantee the high level of service that is why after you have received our help assignment you can do nothing but gain the highest grade for your assignment completing. Therefore, if some assignment does not let you sleep, appeal to our assignment writing help and get your help assignment. Popular posts: Writing a Term Paper Write a Term Paper Term Papers Essays Term Paper Writing Term Paper Topics

Research Critique Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Research Critique - Assignment Example It also provides a basis on how two parties can negotiate their responsibilities. The study highlighted some responsibilities that parents play in the care of their children with asthmatic condition and roles of the children for their self-care. Staying with asthma have need of the implementation of a variety of responsibilities as well as keeping an eye on signs, supervising medicine, looking for medical help and working mutually with health care personnel. This paper suggests that the responsibilities of parents in taking care of children suffering from asthma should be clear. The parents and caregivers must play their roles fully because young children have little understanding about their health condition. Children’s ability to take responsibility for their condition is reliant on what they are acceptable and instructed to do by their parents and caregivers. Children get involved in different activities like playing and going to school. The kind of independence that was discovered through the study is only limited to the simple things that children can do without much knowledge about what they are doing. The level of understanding that children have is not enough to allow them take responsibility of their asthmatic condition. Children’s understandings, mutually of their own bodies and their asthmatic state could be very diverse to those of their parents, which have repercussion for their advance to self-monitoring. This critical analysis paper will extract some points from the research paper to indicate important things this research considers. Direct quotations from the research paper are useful to analyze the findings and the conclusion of this study. The argument of this paper is that the roles of children aged between seven and twelve are not clear enough. The research used open-ended interviews to children and their parents. The children interviewed said what they were able to do now as opposed to what they